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HTML coding example HyperText Markup Language, abbreviated HTML, is a textual computer language that is used to create web pages.  HTML provides ways to incorporate, and format, digital images, video, audio, and text into a web page document.  In particular, HyperText enables web page authors to connect to locations within a document, to other pages on the same web site, and to pages on other web sites.  Markup Language is a set of codes, or tags, that identify parts of a web page document such as divisions, headings, lists, paragraphs, and tables.

Using HTML, tags are associated, by default, with particular layout settings and font characteristics, making it easy for a novice web site developer to author a web page.  Tag attributes are available to modify default tag characteristics, and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) provide additional methods for customizing the appearance of modern HTML-based documents.

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The HyperText Markup Language was first conceived by British scientist Tim Berners-Lee, who in 1989 proposed an Internet-based hypertext system while working at CERN, the European Council for Nuclear Research.  He followed up his proposal in 1990 by specifying HTML and writing browser and server software.  The first public description of HTML became available in 1991, when Berners-Lee mentioned on the Internet an anonymously-authored document entitled "HTML Tags".  This document, presumably written by Berners-Lee, listed many of the basic tags that are the foundation of subsequent HTML versions.  Recognizing a need to develop high-quality, consensus-based standards for the emerging World Wide Web, Berners-Lee founded the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1994, in collaboration with CERN.  HTML began to take shape more formally in 1996, with the development of HTML 2.0 by the Internet Engineering Task Force's HTML Working Group.  HTML 3.2 became a W3C recommendation in January 14, 1997.  HTML 3.2 added features such as applets, fonts, and tables to the HTML 2.0 standard.  HTML 4.0, which added Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), became a W3C recommendation on December 18, 1997.  This version, updated with corrections and clarifications, became a W3C standard on December 24, 1999.  On January 22, 2008, published a working draft for HTML 5, which improves interoperability, specifies precise rules for handling all HTML elements, and includes functions for embedding audio, video, graphics, client-side data, and interactive documents.

HTML and CSS working together
HTML and CSS Working Together (Concept Illustration)

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HTML Codes - Hyper Text Markup Language